Private sector companies may aggregate personal information about their customers for internal purposes and analysis and some companies may sell their aggregated data for profit. Other companies’ business models are founded on combining various sets of aggregated data with sets of publicly available information to produce valuable data sets that help companies make predictions about customers and better target customers or engage in “data mining” practices. When data is aggregated, organizations often claim that they anonymize data such that it no longer fits within the definition of “personal information” under PIPEDA.
However, several researchers have recently shown that de-identified data is often not very anonymous and pieces of data can easily be re-identified or “reattached” to information about an identifiable person. This practice of re-identification is problematic because oftentimes consumers do not realize that the commercial bartering of their personal information is a burgeoning and profitable industry.
As organizations collect an increasing amount of personal information about consumers, their practices of de-identifying this personal information should be scrutinized to ensure that the data has been de-identified to a sufficient degree to protect the consumer from re-identification and potential harms that could flow from the use of de-identified data. Industry best practices regarding de-identification and anonymization would serve to bring increased transparency to garner consumer trust in personal information practices.
De-identified data and the questions around re-identification are growth industries. PIAC’s report explores these questions and privacy concerns with de-identification practices. Given the potential harms to consumers and citizens, the OPCC must monitor this question closely and provide timely guidance to industry – and comfort to consumers – to assure all parties they are aware of how identifiable individuals are or may become in the course of regular commercial data processing.
PIAC also provides a fact sheet (FAQ) to explain de-identification and aggregation practices and privacy risks to consumers. The FAQ also provides information about what consumers can do to protect their privacy.
PIAC Consumers Anonymous Paper
Download File: piac_consumers_anonymous_paper_final_6oct2011.pdf [size: 1.15 mb]
PIAC Consumer Fact Sheet FAQ on De-identification and Privacy Risks
Download File: fact_sheet_faq_final_6oct2011_2.pdf [size: 0.07 mb]